An rarraba ƙarfe zuwa rukuni huɗu: Karfe mai narkewa, Karfe masu ƙarfe, Bakin Karfe Karfe Kayan aiki
Nau'i na 1-Karfe mai amfani da carbon
Banda carbon da iron, ƙarfen carbon yana ɗauke da wasu abubuwa kaɗan kawai. Karfe na carbon shine mafi yawan ƙarfe a cikin nau'ikan ƙarfe huɗu, wanda ya kai kashi 90% na jimillar samar da ƙarfe! An rarraba ƙarfen carbon zuwa ƙungiyoyi uku bisa ga adadin carbon da ke cikin ƙarfe:
l Ƙananan ƙarfe na carbon/ƙarfe masu laushi (har zuwa 0.3% na carbon)
l Karfe masu matsakaicin carbon (0.3–0.6% carbon)
l Manyan ƙarfe masu carbon (fiye da 0.6% carbon)
Kamfanoni kan samar da waɗannan ƙarfe da yawa saboda suna da araha kuma suna da ƙarfi sosai don amfani da su a manyan gine-gine.
Nau'i na 2-Karfe masu ƙarfe
Ana yin ƙarfen ƙarfe ta hanyar haɗa ƙarfe da ƙarin abubuwan haɗa ƙarfe kamar nickel, jan ƙarfe, chromium da/ko aluminum. Haɗa waɗannan abubuwan yana inganta ƙarfi, juriya, juriyar tsatsa da kuma iya sarrafa ƙarfe.
Nau'i na 3-Bakin ƙarfe
An haɗa ƙarfin ƙarfe na bakin ƙarfe da kashi 10-20% na chromium da kuma nickel, silicon, manganese, da carbon. Saboda ƙaruwar ƙarfinsu na jure wa yanayi mara kyau, waɗannan ƙarfen suna da juriya sosai ga tsatsa kuma suna da aminci don amfani da su a cikin gini na waje. Hakanan ana amfani da ƙarfin ƙarfe na bakin ƙarfe a cikin na'urorin lantarki.
Misali, ana neman ƙarfe mai bakin ƙarfe 304 saboda iyawarsa ta jure wa muhalli tare da kiyaye kayan lantarki lafiya.
Duk da cewa nau'ikan ƙarfe daban-daban, ciki har da ƙarfe 304 na bakin ƙarfe, suna da matsayi a gine-gine, ana yawan neman bakin ƙarfe saboda kyawunsa na tsafta. Ana samun waɗannan ƙarfe sosai a cikin na'urorin likitanci, bututu, tasoshin matsi, kayan aikin yankewa da injunan sarrafa abinci.
Nau'i na 4-Karfe kayan aiki
Kamar yadda sunan ya nuna, ƙarfen kayan aiki sun yi fice a fannin yankewa da haƙa kayan aiki. Kasancewar tungsten, molybdenum, cobalt da vanadium yana taimakawa wajen inganta juriyar zafi da kuma dorewar gabaɗaya. Kuma saboda suna riƙe siffarsu ko da a lokacin amfani da su sosai, su ne kayan da aka fi so ga yawancin kayan aikin hannu.
Rarrabuwar ƙarfe
Bayan ƙungiyoyi huɗu, ana iya rarraba ƙarfe bisa ga ma'auni daban-daban, ciki har da:
Abun da ke ciki: kewayon carbon, gami, bakin karfe, da sauransu.
Hanyar gamawa: birgima mai zafi, birgima mai sanyi, gamawa mai sanyi, da sauransu.
Hanyar samarwa: tanda ta lantarki, simintin ci gaba, da sauransu.
Tsarin micro: ferritic, pearlitic, martensitic, da sauransu.
Ƙarfin jiki: bisa ga ƙa'idodin ASTM
Tsarin cire iskar shaka: an kashe ko kuma an kashe rabin
Maganin zafi: annealed, tempered, da sauransu.
Ingancin suna: ingancin kasuwanci, ingancin matsi na jirgin ruwa, ingancin zane, da sauransu.
Menene mafi kyawun darajar ƙarfe?
Babu wani nau'in ƙarfe "mafi kyau" na duniya baki ɗaya, domin mafi kyawun nau'in ƙarfe don amfani ya dogara ne akan abubuwa da yawa, kamar amfanin da aka yi niyya, buƙatun injina da na zahiri, da iyakokin kuɗi.
Ma'aunin ƙarfe waɗanda ake amfani da su akai-akai kuma ake ɗaukar su a matsayin manyan jerin kowane nau'in sun haɗa da:
Karfe na Carbon: A36, A529, A572, 1020, 1045, da 4130
Karfe masu ƙarfe: 4140, 4150, 4340, 9310, da 52100
Bakin ƙarfe: 304, 316, 410, da 420
Karfe na kayan aiki: D2, H13, da M2
JINDALAI ita ce babbar ƙungiyar ƙarfe da ke iya samar da dukkan nau'ikan ƙarfe a cikin nail, takarda, bututu, bututu, sanda, sanda, flanges, gwiwar hannu, tees, da sauransu. Ka ba wa Jindalai jin daɗin amincewa, kuma za ka gamsu da samfurin.
Lokacin Saƙo: Agusta-08-2023
