Idan ya zo ga simintin karfe mai jure zafi, dole ne mu ambaci masana'antar sarrafa zafi; idan ya zo ga maganin zafi, dole ne mu yi magana game da gobarar masana'antu guda uku, daɗaɗawa, kashewa, da zafin rai. To mene ne bambancin wadannan ukun?
(Daya). Nau'in annealing
1. Cikakken annealing da isothermal annealing
Ana kuma kiran cikakken annealing recrystallization annealing, gabaɗaya ana kiransa annealing. Ana amfani da wannan annealing galibi don yin simintin gyare-gyare, ƙirƙira da bayanan martaba masu zafi na nau'ikan ƙarfe na carbon da gami da abubuwan haɗin gwiwar hypoeutectoid, kuma a wasu lokuta ana amfani da su don ƙirar welded. Ana amfani dashi gabaɗaya azaman maganin zafi na ƙarshe na wasu kayan aikin da ba su da mahimmanci, ko azaman pre-zafi na wasu kayan aikin.
2. spheroidizing annealing
Spheroidizing annealing ne yafi amfani ga hypereutectoid carbon karfe da gami kayan aiki karfe (kamar karfe iri amfani a Manufacturing sabon kayan aikin, aunawa kayayyakin aiki, da molds). Babban manufarsa shine don rage taurin, inganta injina, da kuma shirya don quenching na gaba.
3.Annealing rage damuwa
Har ila yau ana kiran ɓacin rai na damuwa mai zafi annealing (ko yanayin zafi mai zafi). Ana amfani da irin wannan nau'in annealing galibi don kawar da ragowar damuwa a cikin simintin gyare-gyare, gyare-gyare, sassan walda, sassa masu zafi, sassa masu sanyi, da dai sauransu. Idan waɗannan matsalolin ba a kawar da su ba, zai sa sassan karfe su lalace ko tsage bayan wani lokaci na lokaci ko yayin aiwatar da yankan na gaba.
(Biyu). Quenching
Babban hanyoyin da ake amfani da su don inganta taurin shine dumama, adana zafi, da saurin sanyaya. Kafofin watsa labarai na sanyaya da aka fi amfani da su sune brine, ruwa da mai. The workpiece quenched a cikin ruwan gishiri ne mai sauki don samun high taurin da santsi surface, kuma ba shi yiwuwa ga taushi spots cewa ba quenched, amma yana da sauki sa tsanani nakasawa na workpiece har ma da fatattaka. Yin amfani da mai a matsayin matsakaiciyar kashewa ya dace kawai don kashe wasu ƙarfe na ƙarfe ko ƙananan kayan aikin ƙarfe na carbon inda kwanciyar hankali na austenite mai sanyi ya fi girma.
(Uku). Haushi
1. Rage karyewa da kawar ko rage damuwa na ciki. Bayan quenching, sassan karfe za su sami babban damuwa na ciki da raguwa. Idan ba su da zafi a cikin lokaci, sassan karfe za su sau da yawa lalacewa ko ma tsagewa.
2. Sami kayan aikin injiniya da ake buƙata na kayan aiki. Bayan quenching, da workpiece yana da high taurin da high brittleness. Domin saduwa da daban-daban yi bukatun na daban-daban workpieces, da taurin za a iya gyara ta dace tempering, rage brittleness da samun da ake bukata taurin. Filastik.
3. Stable workpiece size
4. Don wasu ƙananan ƙarfe waɗanda ke da wuya a yi laushi ta hanyar cirewa, ana amfani da zafin jiki mai zafi sau da yawa bayan quenching (ko daidaitawa) don tattara carbides daidai a cikin karfe kuma rage taurin don sauƙaƙe yankan.
Lokacin aikawa: Afrilu-10-2024