Tagulla wani abu ne mai kama da ƙarfe mai kama da jan ƙarfe da zinc wanda aka samar tsawon shekaru aru-aru kuma ana daraja shi saboda iyawarsa ta aiki, tauri, juriya ga lalata, da kuma kyawunsa.
Kamfanin Jindalai (Shandong) Steel Group Co., Ltd. yana bayar da nau'ikan kayayyakin tagulla iri-iri a girma da adadi don biyan buƙatun kowane aiki.
1. Kadarorin
● Nau'in Alloy: Binary
● Abubuwan da ke ciki: Tagulla da Zinc
● Yawan yawa: 8.3-8.7 g/cm3
● Wurin Narkewa: 1652-1724 °F (900-940 °C)
● Taurin Moh: 3-4
2. Halaye
Ainihin halayen tagulla daban-daban ya dogara ne akan abun da ke cikin ƙarfen tagulla, musamman rabon jan ƙarfe da zinc. Gabaɗaya, duk da haka, ana daraja duk tagulla saboda iyawarsu ta injin ko kuma sauƙin da za a iya ƙera ƙarfen zuwa siffofi da siffofi da ake so yayin da ake riƙe da ƙarfi mai yawa.
Duk da cewa akwai bambance-bambance tsakanin tagulla masu yawan zinc da ƙarancin sinadarin zinc, duk tagulla ana ɗaukar su a matsayin masu laushi da kuma masu ƙarfi (ƙarancin tagulla na zinc ya fi yawa). Saboda ƙarancin narkewar tagulla, ana iya jefa tagulla cikin sauƙi. Duk da haka, don amfani da siminti, yawanci ana fifita yawan sinadarin zinc.
Tagulla masu ƙarancin sinadarin zinc za a iya yin amfani da su cikin sauƙi a sanyi, a haɗa su da kuma a yi musu blending. Yawan sinadarin jan ƙarfe kuma yana ba da damar ƙarfen ya samar da wani Layer na oxide mai kariya (patina) a samansa wanda ke kare shi daga ƙarin tsatsa, wani abu mai mahimmanci a aikace-aikacen da ke fallasa ƙarfen ga danshi da kuma yanayin yanayi.
Karfe yana da kyakkyawan yanayin zafi da kuma yanayin wutar lantarki (mai jure wa wutar lantarki daga kashi 23% zuwa 44% na jan ƙarfe mai tsabta), kuma yana jure lalacewa da walƙiya. Kamar jan ƙarfe, halayensa na bacteriostatic sun haifar da amfani da shi a kayan wanka da wuraren kiwon lafiya.
Ana ɗaukar ƙarfen tagulla a matsayin ƙarfe mai ƙarancin gogayya da kuma ƙarfe mara maganadisu, yayin da sifofin sautinsa suka haifar da amfani da shi a cikin kayan kida da yawa na 'ƙarƙarin tagulla'. Masu fasaha da masu gine-gine suna daraja sifofin kyawun ƙarfen, domin ana iya samar da shi a launuka daban-daban, daga ja mai zurfi zuwa rawaya mai launin zinare.
3. Aikace-aikace
Abubuwan da ke da tagulla masu daraja da kuma sauƙin samarwa sun sanya shi ɗaya daga cikin ƙarfen da aka fi amfani da su. Tattara cikakken jerin duk aikace-aikacen tagulla zai zama babban aiki, amma don samun ra'ayin masana'antu da nau'ikan samfuran da ake samun tagulla za mu iya rarrabawa da taƙaita wasu amfani na ƙarshe bisa ga matakin tagullar da aka yi amfani da su:
● Tagulla mai yankewa kyauta (misali C38500 ko tagulla 60/40):
● Kwayoyi, ƙusoshi, sassan zare
● Tashoshi
● Jiragen sama
● Famfo
● Allurai
4. Tarihi
An samar da ƙarfe mai kama da jan ƙarfe tun ƙarni na 5 kafin haihuwar Annabi Isa a ƙasar Sin, kuma an yi amfani da shi sosai a tsakiyar Asiya a ƙarni na 2 da na 3 kafin haihuwar Annabi Isa. Duk da haka, waɗannan ƙarfe masu ado za a iya kiransu da 'ƙarfe na halitta,' domin babu wata shaida da ke nuna cewa masu samar da su sun haɗa jan ƙarfe da jan ƙarfe da jan ƙarfe da gangan. Madadin haka, akwai yiwuwar an narkar da ƙarfe daga tagulla mai yawan zinc, suna samar da ƙarfe mai kama da tagulla.
Takardun Girka da na Romawa sun nuna cewa an yi amfani da ƙarfe mai kama da na tagulla na zamani, ta amfani da jan ƙarfe da kuma ma'adinin zinc oxide wanda aka sani da calamine, a kusan ƙarni na 1 kafin haihuwar Annabi Isa. An samar da tagullar Calamine ta amfani da tsarin siminti, inda aka narkar da jan ƙarfe a cikin wani bututun ƙarfe da aka yi da smithsonite (ko calamine).
A yanayin zafi mai yawa, zinc da ke cikin irin wannan ma'adinan yana juyawa zuwa tururi kuma yana ratsa tagulla, ta haka yana samar da tagulla mai tsarki wanda ke da kashi 17-30% na sinadarin zinc. An yi amfani da wannan hanyar samar da tagulla tsawon kusan shekaru 2000 har zuwa farkon karni na 19. Ba da daɗewa ba bayan da Romawa suka gano yadda ake samar da tagulla, ana amfani da ƙarfe don yin tsabar kuɗi a yankunan Turkiyya ta zamani. Wannan ba da daɗewa ba ya bazu ko'ina cikin Daular Roma.
5. Nau'o'i
'Brass' kalma ce ta gama gari wadda ke nufin nau'ikan ƙarfe masu yawa na ƙarfe da zinc. A zahiri, akwai nau'ikan tagulla sama da 60 daban-daban da aka ƙayyade ta hanyar EN (Turai Norm Standard). Waɗannan ƙarfe na iya samun nau'ikan ƙarfe masu yawa dangane da halayen da ake buƙata don takamaiman aikace-aikace.
6. Samarwa
Ana samun tagulla ne daga ɓawon tagulla da kuma sinadarin zinc. Ana zaɓar ɓawon tagulla bisa ga ƙazanta, domin ana buƙatar wasu ƙarin abubuwa domin samar da ainihin ƙimar tagullar da ake buƙata.
Domin zinc yana fara tafasa kuma yana tururi a zafin 1665°F (907°C), ƙasa da wurin narkewar jan ƙarfe 1981°F (1083°C), dole ne a fara narke jan ƙarfen. Da zarar ya narke, ana ƙara zinc a rabon da ya dace da matakin tagulla da ake samarwa. Duk da cewa har yanzu ana iya ɗaukar wasu matakai don asarar zinc ga tururi.
A wannan lokacin, ana ƙara duk wani ƙarin ƙarfe, kamar gubar, aluminum, silicon ko arsenic, a cikin cakuda don ƙirƙirar ƙarfen da ake so. Da zarar ƙarfen da aka narke ya shirya, ana zuba shi cikin molds inda zai taurare ya zama manyan faifai ko billets. Billets - galibi na tagulla na alpha-beta - ana iya sarrafa su kai tsaye zuwa wayoyi, bututu, da bututu ta hanyar fitar da zafi, wanda ya haɗa da tura ƙarfen da aka dumama ta cikin wani abu mai kauri, ko kuma yin hot forging.
Idan ba a fitar da shi ko an ƙirƙira shi ba, sai a sake dumama billet ɗin sannan a ciyar da shi ta hanyar na'urorin birgima na ƙarfe (wani tsari da aka sani da birgima mai zafi). Sakamakon haka, ana sa farantin da kauri bai wuce rabin inci ba (<13mm). Bayan sanyaya, sai a ciyar da tagulla ta hanyar injin niƙa, ko scalper, wanda ke yanke wani siririn Layer daga ƙarfen don cire lahani na simintin saman da kuma oxide.
A ƙarƙashin yanayin iskar gas don hana iskar oxygen, ana dumama ƙarfen kuma ana birgima shi, wani tsari da aka sani da annealing kafin a sake birgima shi a yanayin sanyi (mirgina sanyi) zuwa zanen gado mai kauri kusan inci 0.1 (2.5mm). Tsarin birgima mai sanyi yana lalata tsarin hatsi na ciki na tagulla, wanda ke haifar da ƙarfe mai ƙarfi da tauri. Ana iya maimaita wannan matakin har sai an sami kauri ko taurin da ake so.
A ƙarshe, ana yanke zanen gado da kuma yanke su don samar da faɗi da tsawon da ake buƙata. Ana ba wa dukkan zanen gado, kayan ƙarfe, kayan ƙarfe na ƙarfe, da kayan tagulla da aka fitar da su wanka na sinadarai, yawanci, wanda aka yi da hydrochloric da sulfuric acid, don cire sikeli da tabo na baƙin ƙarfe.
Zane-zanen tagulla na Jindalai da na'urori masu kauri daga 0.05 zuwa 50mm, da kuma waɗanda aka yi musu fenti mai kauri, mai tauri kwata, mai tauri rabi, da kuma mai tauri. Akwai sauran nau'ikan temper da alloy. Aika tambayarku kuma za mu yi farin cikin tuntubar ku ta ƙwararru.
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Lokacin Saƙo: Disamba-19-2022
