Cold aikin mutu karfe ne yafi amfani da stamping, blanking, forming, lankwasawa, sanyi extrusion, sanyi zane, foda metallurgy mutu, da dai sauransu Yana bukatar high taurin, high lalacewa juriya da isasshen tauri.Gabaɗaya an kasu kashi biyu: nau'in gama-gari da nau'i na musamman.Misali, aikin sanyi na gama-gari ya mutu karfe a Amurka yakan hada da maki karfe hudu: 01, A2, D2, da D3.An nuna kwatankwacin ma'auni na ƙarfe na gama-gari na aikin sanyi na baƙin ƙarfe a cikin ƙasashe daban-daban a cikin Tebur 4. Bisa ga ka'idar JIS ta Japan, manyan nau'ikan aikin sanyi sun mutu karfe wanda za'a iya amfani da su shine jerin SK, gami da jerin SK. carbon kayan aiki karfe, 8 SKD jerin gami kayan aiki steels, da kuma 9 SKHMO jerin high-gudun karafa, domin a total na 24 karfe maki.Sin GB/T1299-2000 gami kayan aiki karfe misali hada da jimlar 11 karfe iri, forming in mun gwada da cikakken jerin.Tare da canje-canje a cikin fasahar sarrafawa, kayan da aka sarrafa da buƙatun ƙira, jerin asali na asali ba za su iya biyan buƙatun ba.Japan karfe Mills da kuma manyan Turai kayan aiki da kuma mutu karfe masana'antun sun ɓullo da musamman-manufa sanyi aikin mutu karfe, da kuma sannu a hankali kafa Game da sanyi aikin mutu karfe jerin, ci gaban da wadannan sanyi aikin mutu karafa shi ne kuma ci gaban shugabanci na sanyi aikin mutu karfe.
Low gami iska quenching sanyi aikin mutu karfe
Tare da bunƙasa fasahar maganin zafi, musamman amfani da fasaha mai yawa na fasahar kashe wuta a cikin masana'antar ƙira, don rage nakasawa, an ƙirƙira wasu ƙananan ƙarfe masu ƙarancin iska a gida da waje.Irin wannan nau'in karfe yana buƙatar mai ƙarfi mai ƙarfi da magani mai zafi Yana da ƙananan nakasa, ƙarfin ƙarfi da ƙarfi, kuma yana da ƙayyadaddun juriya.Kodayake daidaitaccen aikin sanyi mai ƙarfi mai ƙarfi ya mutu karfe (kamar D2, A2) yana da ƙarfi mai ƙarfi, yana da babban abun ciki na gami kuma yana da tsada.Sabili da haka, an samar da wasu ƙananan ƙananan ƙananan ƙananan ƙarfe a gida da waje.Irin wannan ƙarfe gabaɗaya ya ƙunshi abubuwan gami Cr da Mn abubuwan gami don haɓaka ƙarfin ƙarfi.Jimlar abubuwan da ke cikin abubuwan gami gabaɗaya <5%.Ya dace da ƙera madaidaicin sassa tare da ƙananan kayan samarwa.Cututtuka masu rikitarwa.Wakilin karfe maki sun hada da A6 daga Amurka, ACD37 daga Hitachi Metals, G04 daga Daido Special Karfe, AKS3 daga Aichi Karfe, da dai sauransu Sin GD karfe, bayan quenching a 900 ° C da tempering a 200 ° C, na iya kula da wani adadi. na riƙe austenite kuma yana da ƙarfi mai kyau, ƙarfi da kwanciyar hankali.Ana iya amfani da shi don yin mutuwar stamping mai sanyi wanda ke da saurin tsinkewa da karaya.Rayuwar sabis mai girma.
Harshen wuta da aka kashe mold karfe
Domin ya rage da mold sake zagayowar, sauƙaƙa da zafi magani tsari, ajiye makamashi da kuma rage masana'antu kudin na mold.Japan ta ɓullo da wasu na musamman sanyi aikin mutu karafa domin harshen wuta quenching bukatun.Yawanci sun haɗa da Aichi Steel's SX105V (7CrSiMnMoV), SX4 (Cr8), Hitachi Metal's HMD5, HMD1, Datong Special Steel Company's G05 karfe, da dai sauransu China ta ƙera 7Cr7SiMnMoV.Ana iya amfani da irin wannan nau'in karfe don dumama ruwan wuka ko wasu sassan jikin ta hanyar amfani da bindigar feshi na oxyacetylene ko sauran dumama bayan an sarrafa kayan sa'an nan kuma a sanyaya iska a kashe.Gabaɗaya, ana iya amfani da shi kai tsaye bayan quenching.Saboda sauƙin tsari, ana amfani da shi sosai a Japan.Wakilin karfe irin wannan nau'in karfe shine 7CrSiMnMoV, wanda ke da ƙarfi mai kyau.Lokacin da φ80mm karfe ne mai quenched, da taurin a nesa na 30mm daga surface iya isa 60HRC.Bambanci a cikin taurin tsakanin ainihin da saman shine 3HRC.Lokacin da harshen wuta ya kashe, Bayan preheating a 180 ~ 200 ° C da dumama zuwa 900-1000 ° C don kashewa tare da bindigar feshi, taurin zai iya kaiwa sama da 60HRC kuma ana iya samun Layer mai tauri akan 1.5mm.
High tauri, high lalacewa juriya sanyi aikin mutu karfe
Domin inganta taurin aikin sanyi mutu karfe da rage juriya na karafa, wasu manyan kamfanonin kera karafa na kasashen waje sun yi nasarar ƙera wani nau'in aikin sanyi na mutuƙar ƙarfe mai ƙarfi da tsayin daka.Wannan nau'in karfe gabaɗaya ya ƙunshi kusan 1% carbon da 8% Cr.Tare da ƙari na Mo, V, Si da sauran abubuwan haɗin gwiwa, carbides ɗinsa suna da kyau, ana rarraba su daidai gwargwado, kuma taurinsa ya fi na nau'in ƙarfe na Cr12 girma, yayin da juriyar sa ya yi kama..Taurinsu, ƙarfin sassauƙa, ƙarfin gajiya da taurin karyewa suna da girma, kuma kwanciyar hankalinsu na hana zafi shima ya fi nau'in Crl2 mold karfe.Sun dace da naushi mai sauri da bugun tashoshi da yawa.Wakilan nau'ikan karfe na wannan nau'in karfe sune DC53 na Japan tare da ƙananan abun ciki na V da CRU-WEAR tare da babban abun ciki na V.An kashe DC53 a 1020-1040 ° C kuma taurin zai iya kaiwa 62-63HRC bayan sanyaya iska.Yana iya zama tempered a low zafin jiki (180 ~ 200 ℃) da kuma high zafin jiki tempering (500 ~ 550 ℃), ta taurin iya zama 1 sau fiye da D2, da gajiya yi ne 20% mafi girma fiye da D2;bayan CRU-WEAR ƙirƙira da mirgina, an cire shi kuma an inganta shi a 850-870 ℃.Kasa da 30 ℃ / hour, sanyaya zuwa 650 ℃ da kuma saki, da taurin iya isa 225-255HB, da quenching zafin jiki za a iya zaba a cikin kewayon 1020 ~ 1120 ℃, da taurin iya isa 63HRC, tempered a 480 ~ 570 ℃ bisa ga zuwa yanayin amfani, tare da sakandare bayyananne Tasirin taurin, juriya da ƙarfi sun fi D2 kyau.
Base karfe (High-gudun karfe)
An yi amfani da ƙarfe mai sauri da sauri a ƙasashen waje don kera manyan ayyuka, kayan aikin sanyi na tsawon rai saboda kyakkyawan juriya da ja, irin su babban ma'aunin ƙarfe mai saurin sauri na Japan SKH51 (W6Mo5Cr4V2).Domin daidaitawa da buƙatun ƙira, ana inganta taurin sau da yawa ta hanyar rage yawan zafin jiki, quenching taurin ko rage abun cikin carbon a cikin ƙarfe mai sauri.Matrix karfe an ƙera shi daga ƙarfe mai sauri, kuma abun da ke tattare da shi yana daidai da matrix abun da ke ciki na ƙarfe mai sauri bayan quenching.Saboda haka, adadin ragowar carbide bayan quenching yana da ƙananan kuma an rarraba shi a ko'ina, wanda ya inganta ƙarfin ƙarfe sosai idan aka kwatanta da karfe mai sauri.Amurka da Japan sun yi nazarin karfen tushe tare da maki VascoMA, VascoMatrix1 da MOD2 a farkon shekarun 1970.Kwanan nan, an haɓaka DRM1, DRM2, DRM3, da sauransu.Gabaɗaya ana amfani da su don ƙirar aikin sanyi waɗanda ke buƙatar ƙarfi mafi girma da ingantaccen kwanciyar hankali.Har ila yau, kasar Sin ta kera wasu karafa, irin su 65Nb (65Cr4W3Mo2VNb), 65W8Cr4VTi, 65Cr5Mo3W2VSiTi da sauran karafa.Irin wannan ƙarfe yana da ƙarfi da ƙarfi kuma ana amfani dashi sosai a cikin sanyi extrusion, lokacin farin ciki farantin sanyi, naushi mai kauri, ra'ayi ya mutu, yanayin sanyi ya mutu, da sauransu, kuma ana iya amfani dashi azaman extrusion mai ɗumi ya mutu.
Foda metallurgy mold karfe
LEDB-type high-alloy sanyi aikin mutu karfe samar da al'ada matakai, musamman manyan-section kayan, yana da m eutectic carbides da m rarraba, wanda tsanani rage taurin, grindability da isotropy na karfe.A shekarun baya-bayan nan, manyan kamfanonin karafa na musamman na kasashen waje da ke kera kayan aiki da kuma kashe karafa, sun mayar da hankali wajen samar da wani nau'in foda mai saurin gudu da karafa mai saurin gaske, wanda ya haifar da saurin bunkasa irin wannan karfen.Amfani da foda karfe tsari, da atomized karfe foda cools da sauri da kuma carbide kafa ne lafiya da kuma uniform, wanda muhimmanci inganta taurin, grindability da isotropy na mold abu.Saboda wannan tsari na musamman na samarwa, carbides suna da kyau kuma suna da daidaituwa, kuma ana inganta kayan aiki da aikin nika, yana ba da damar ƙara yawan carbon da vanadium a cikin karfe, don haka haɓaka jerin sababbin nau'ikan karfe.Misali, jerin DEX na Datong na Japan (DEX40, DEX60, DEX80, da sauransu), jerin HAP na Hitachi Metal, jerin FAX na Fujikoshi, jerin UDDEHOLM's VANADIS, jerin ASP na Erasteel na Faransa, da CRUCIBLE kamfanin na Amurka foda kayan aikin ƙarfe da sauri suna mutuwa. .Samar da jerin gwanon ƙarfe na foda irin su CPMlV, CPM3V, CPMlOV, CPM15V, da dai sauransu, juriya da ƙarfin su suna inganta sosai idan aka kwatanta da kayan aiki da mutuƙar ƙarfe da aka ƙera ta hanyar yau da kullun.
Lokacin aikawa: Afrilu-02-2024